On August 7th, India commemorates National Handloom Day, a day that celebrates the rich legacy of the Indian handloom industry and the weavers who have been preserving centuries-old traditions through their craft. With its roots deeply embedded in India's freedom movement and its soul woven into the cultural fabric of rural and tribal communities, handloom in India is not just a means of livelihood—it's a story, a legacy, and an art.
History of National Handloom Day: Why August 7?
National Handloom Day was first observed in 2015 to mark the Swadeshi Movement that began on August 7, 1905, in Calcutta (now Kolkata), during India’s freedom struggle. This movement was aimed at promoting indigenous industries and boycotting British goods.Choosing this date is symbolic—it reminds us of our economic independence and our reliance on local resources, skills, and crafts to shape a self-reliant India (Atmanirbhar Bharat). The handloom sector was central to Mahatma Gandhi’s vision of Swaraj (self-rule), symbolized by the spinning wheel (charkha).
India’s Handloom Legacy: A Cultural Goldmine
India is home to over 135 unique handloom weaves, each representing a region’s heritage, aesthetics, and identity. From the Banarasi brocade of Uttar Pradesh and Patan Patola of Gujarat to the Chanderi and Maheshwari of Madhya Pradesh, the Kanjeevaram silks of Tamil Nadu, and Pashmina of Kashmir—the variety is endless.These crafts are not only eco-friendly but also sustainably produced, often without electricity, with dyes made from plants and minerals. This makes Indian handlooms a global benchmark for slow fashion, countering the mass-production-driven global apparel industry.
The Handloom Sector Today: By the Numbers
Despite being one of the largest unorganized sectors, the handloom industry plays a crucial socio-economic role: - Over 43 lakh people are engaged in handloom activities across India. - Women constitute more than 70% of the weaver workforce. - India accounts for 95% of the world’s handwoven fabric production. - Exports of handloom products were valued at USD 319 million in FY2022–23.
Reviving the Threads: Government Schemes and Digital Push
To revitalize this heritage industry, the Government of India has launched several initiatives: - Handloom Mark Scheme: Assures buyers of the authenticity of handwoven products. - India Handloom Brand: Promotes high-quality handloom products with zero defects. - National Handloom Development Programme (NHDP): Supports infrastructure and skill training. - E-commerce Partnerships: Collaborations with Amazon, Flipkart, Myntra, and others to reach new markets. - #VocalForLocal Campaign: Encourages citizens to choose handloom over imported or machine-made alternatives.
